Which sensor technology is best for infiltration and inflow (I/I) monitoring?

The nature of the hydraulic conditions at a given location are the primary driver of the technology selected with the purpose of the data being a secondary concern. With that said, what kind of hydraulic conditions are often of most concern during infiltration and inflow studies? Wet weather events where surcharge conditions occur are often of most concern, and this will require measuring flows during transitions into and out of surcharge conditions. For these scenarios, we recommend a suite of flow depth and velocity sensors, where the sensors are installed inside a pipe as opposed to flow depth and velocity sensors installed in the manhole over the manhole channel.